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Journal Article

Capacity building enables unique near-fault observations of the destructive 2025 Mw 7.7 Myanmar earthquake

Authors
/persons/resource/ssuting

Lai,  Ssu-Ting       
2.6 Seismic Hazard and Risk Dynamics, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

Oo,  Kyaw Moe
External Organizations;

Htwe,  Yin Myo Min
External Organizations;

Yi,  Tin
External Organizations;

Than,  Htay Htay
External Organizations;

Than,  Oo
External Organizations;

Min,  Zaw
External Organizations;

Oo,  Tun Minn
External Organizations;

Maung Maung,  Phyo
External Organizations;

/persons/resource/bindi

Bindi,  Dino       
2.6 Seismic Hazard and Risk Dynamics, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/fcotton

Cotton,  Fabrice
2.6 Seismic Hazard and Risk Dynamics, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/pevans

Evans,  Peter L.       
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/andres

Heinloo,  Andres
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/laura

Hillmann,  Laura
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/saul

Saul,  Joachim
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/chris

Sens-Schönfelder,  C.       
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/strollo

Strollo,  Angelo       
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/tilmann

Tilmann,  Frederik       
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/gweather

Weatherill,  Graeme       
2.6 Seismic Hazard and Risk Dynamics, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/mingshen

Yen,  Ming-Hsuan       
2.6 Seismic Hazard and Risk Dynamics, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/rizac

Zaccarelli,  Riccardo       
2.6 Seismic Hazard and Risk Dynamics, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/tzieke

Zieke,  Thomas
2.4 Seismology, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

/persons/resource/online

Milkereit,  C.
2.1 Physics of Earthquakes and Volcanoes, 2.0 Geophysics, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences;

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5036952.pdf
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Citation

Lai, S.-T., Oo, K. M., Htwe, Y. M. M., Yi, T., Than, H. H., Than, O., Min, Z., Oo, T. M., Maung Maung, P., Bindi, D., Cotton, F., Evans, P. L., Heinloo, A., Hillmann, L., Saul, J., Sens-Schönfelder, C., Strollo, A., Tilmann, F., Weatherill, G., Yen, M.-H., Zaccarelli, R., Zieke, T., Milkereit, C. (2025): Capacity building enables unique near-fault observations of the destructive 2025 Mw 7.7 Myanmar earthquake. - Earth System Science Data, 17, 10, 5149-5164.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-5149-2025


Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_5036952
Abstract
We present an overview of the Naypyitaw station (NPW) in Myanmar, which is managed by the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology (DMH) and is part of the GEOFON (GE) network (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15921214, Bindi et al., 2025). The station is equipped with both strong-motion and broadband sensors and is situated 2.6 km from the Sagaing Fault, providing an exceptional near-fault recording of the Mw 7.7 earthquake that occurred on 28 March 2025. The installation and ongoing maintenance of NPW are the result of a collaborative effort between DMH and the GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), prompted by the GFZ International Training Course on seismology and seismic hazard assessment (ITC) in 2016. In this study, we provide background information on the collaborative effort that led to the installation of the only station providing near-fault, on-scale measurements of the 2025 Myanmar earthquake. Given the widespread interest in the data recorded by the station, we describe the instrumental settings in detail and how to access data and metadata for station NPW. Given the relevance of the near-fault recordings at NPW not only for constraining the rupture process of the mainshock but also for engineering seismology applications, we analyze key features of the mainshock from an engineering seismology perspective. This includes an examination of ground motion amplitudes, frequency content, response spectra, and near-fault effects such as the fling effect and pulse-like motion. The high-quality near-field data at NPW provide valuable information for seismic hazard assessment in the region and offer useful constraints for studies investigating the rupture characteristics of the mainshock, which preliminary findings suggest propagated at supershear speed.