Direct comparisons of European primary and secondary frequency standards via 
satellite techniques

Riedel, Franziska; Al-Masoudi, Ali; Benkler, Erik; Dörscher, Sören; Gerginov, Vladislav; Grebing, Christian; Häfner, Sebastian; Huntemann, Nils; Lipphardt, Burghard; Lisdat, Christian; Peik, Ekkehard; Piester, Dirk; Sanner, Christian; Tamm, Christian; Weyers, Stefan; Denker, H; Timmen, Ludger; Voigt, Christian; Calonico, Davide; Cerretto, Giancarlo; Costanzo, Giovanni A; Levi, Filippo; Sesia, Ilaria; Achkar, Joseph; Guéna, Jocelyne; Abgrall, Michel; Rovera, Giovanni Daniele; Chupin, Baptiste; Shi, Chunyan; Bilicki, Sŀawomir; Bookjans, Eva; Lodewyck, Jérôme; Le Targat, Rodolphe; Delva, Pacome; Bize, Sebastien; Baynes, Fred N; Baynham, Charles; Bowden, William; Gill, Patrick; Godun, R M; Hill, Ian Robert; Hobson, Richard; Jones, J M; King, Steven A; Nisbet-Jones, Peter; Rolland, A; Shemar, S L; Whibberley, Peter B; Margolis, Helen S; Margolis, Helen S

doi:10.1088/1681-7575/ab6745

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Journal Article

Direct comparisons of European primary and secondary frequency standards via satellite techniques

Authors

Riedel, Franziska
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Al-Masoudi, Ali
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Benkler, Erik
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Dörscher, Sören
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Gerginov, Vladislav
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Grebing, Christian
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Häfner, Sebastian
External Organizations;

Huntemann, Nils
External Organizations;

Lipphardt, Burghard
External Organizations;

Lisdat, Christian
External Organizations;

Peik, Ekkehard
External Organizations;

Piester, Dirk
External Organizations;

Sanner, Christian
External Organizations;

Tamm, Christian
External Organizations;

Weyers, Stefan
External Organizations;

Denker, H
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Timmen, Ludger
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/persons/resource/cvoigt

Voigt, Christian
1.2 Global Geomonitoring and Gravity Field, 1.0 Geodesy, Departments, GFZ Publication Database, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum;

Calonico, Davide
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Cerretto, Giancarlo
External Organizations;

Costanzo, Giovanni A
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Levi, Filippo
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Sesia, Ilaria
External Organizations;

Achkar, Joseph
External Organizations;

Guéna, Jocelyne
External Organizations;

Abgrall, Michel
External Organizations;

Rovera, Giovanni Daniele
External Organizations;

Chupin, Baptiste
External Organizations;

Shi, Chunyan
External Organizations;

Bilicki, Sŀawomir
External Organizations;

Bookjans, Eva
External Organizations;

Lodewyck, Jérôme
External Organizations;

Le Targat, Rodolphe
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Delva, Pacome
External Organizations;

Bize, Sebastien
External Organizations;

Baynes, Fred N
External Organizations;

Baynham, Charles
External Organizations;

Bowden, William
External Organizations;

Gill, Patrick
External Organizations;

Godun, R M
External Organizations;

Hill, Ian Robert
External Organizations;

Hobson, Richard
External Organizations;

Jones, J M
External Organizations;

King, Steven A
External Organizations;

Nisbet-Jones, Peter
External Organizations;

Rolland, A
External Organizations;

Shemar, S L
External Organizations;

Whibberley, Peter B
External Organizations;

Margolis, Helen S
External Organizations;

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Citation

Riedel, F., Al-Masoudi, A., Benkler, E., Dörscher, S., Gerginov, V., Grebing, C., Häfner, S., Huntemann, N., Lipphardt, B., Lisdat, C., Peik, E., Piester, D., Sanner, C., Tamm, C., Weyers, S., Denker, H., Timmen, L., Voigt, C., Calonico, D., Cerretto, G., Costanzo, G. A., Levi, F., Sesia, I., Achkar, J., Guéna, J., Abgrall, M., Rovera, G. D., Chupin, B., Shi, C., Bilicki, S., Bookjans, E., Lodewyck, J., Le Targat, R., Delva, P., Bize, S., Baynes, F. N., Baynham, C., Bowden, W., Gill, P., Godun, R. M., Hill, I. R., Hobson, R., Jones, J. M., King, S. A., Nisbet-Jones, P., Rolland, A., Shemar, S. L., Whibberley, P. B., Margolis, H. S., Margolis, H. S. (2020): Direct comparisons of European primary and secondary frequency standards via satellite techniques. - Metrologia, 57, 4, 045005.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1681-7575/ab6745

Cite as: https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_5001847

Abstract

We carried out a 26-day comparison of five simultaneously operated optical clocks and six atomic fountain clocks located at INRIM, LNE-SYRTE, NPL and PTB by using two satellite-based frequency comparison techniques: broadband Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer (TWSTFT) and Global Positioning System Precise Point Positioning (GPS PPP). With an enhanced statistical analysis procedure taking into account correlations and gaps in the measurement data, combined overall uncertainties in the range of 1.8 × 10-16 to 3.5 × 10-16 for the optical clock comparisons were found. The comparison of the fountain clocks yields results with a maximum relative frequency difference of 6.9× 10-16, and combined overall uncertainties in the range of 4.8 × 10-16 to 7.7 × 10-16.