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  Numerical Simulations of Seismoacoustic Nuisance Patterns from an InducedM1.8 Earthquake in the Helsinki, Southern Finland, Metropolitan Area

Krenz, L., Wolf, S., Hillers, G., Gabriel, A.-A., Bader, M. (2023): Numerical Simulations of Seismoacoustic Nuisance Patterns from an InducedM1.8 Earthquake in the Helsinki, Southern Finland, Metropolitan Area. - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 113, 4, 1596-1615.
https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220225

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Item Permalink: https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_5025207 Version Permalink: https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_5025207_3
Genre: Journal Article

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 Creators:
Krenz, Lukas1, 2, Author
Wolf, Sebastian1, 2, Author
Hillers, Gregor1, 2, Author
Gabriel, Alice-Agnes1, 2, Author
Bader, Michael1, 2, Author
Affiliations:
1External Organizations, ou_persistent22              
2Geo-INQUIRE, External Organizations, ou_5025076              

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 Abstract: Seismic waves can couplewith the atmosphere and generate sound waves. The influence of
faulting mechanisms on earthquake sound patterns provides opportunities for earthquake
source characterization. Sound radiated from earthquakes can be perceived as disturbing,
even at low ground-shaking levels, which can negatively impact the social acceptance of
geoengineering applications.Motivated by consistent reports of felt and heard disturbances
associated with the weeks-long stimulation of a 6-km-deep geothermal system in 2018
below the Otaniemi district of Espoo, Helsinki, we conduct fully coupled 3D numerical simulations
of wave propagation in the solid Earth and the atmosphere. We assess the sensitivity
of the ground shaking and audible noise distributions to the source geometry of the
induced earthquakes based on the properties of the largest local magnitude ML 1.8 event.
Utilizing recent computational advances and the open-source software SeisSol, we model
seismoacoustic frequencies up to 25 Hz, thereby reaching the lower limit of the human audible
sound frequency range. We present synthetic distributions of shaking and audible
sounds at the 50–100 m scale across a 12 km × 12 kmarea and discuss implications for better
understanding seismic nuisances in metropolitan regions. In five 3D coupled elastic–acoustic
scenario simulations that include data on topography and subsurface structure, we analyze
the ground velocity and pressure levels of earthquake-generated seismic and acoustic
waves. We show that S waves generate the strongest sound disturbance with sound pressure
levels ≤0.04 Pa. We use statistical analysis to compare our noise distributions with
commonly used empirical relationships. We find that our 3D synthetic amplitudes are generally
smaller than the empirical predictions and that the interaction of the source mechanism-
specific radiation pattern and topography can lead to significant nonlinear effects. Our
study highlights the complexity and information content of spatially variable audible effects
associated with small induced earthquakes on local scales.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2023-07-072023
 Publication Status: Finally published
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1785/0120220225
 Degree: -

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Project name : Geo-INQUIRE
Grant ID : 101058518
Funding program : Horizon Europe (HE)
Funding organization : European Commission (EC)

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Title: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
Source Genre: Journal, SCI, Scopus
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Publ. Info: -
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 113 (4) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1596 - 1615 Identifier: CoNE: https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/cone/journals/resource/journals59